Quote:
Originally Posted by Mrs Williams
Thanks from me too - I've just got my assignment back and had missed that I need to do this - as well as all of these - and this is from week one of my course!
1.1 Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth -19 years
2.1 Explain how children and young people’s development is influenced by a range of personal factors
2.2 Explain how children and young people’s development is influenced by a rang of external factors
3.1 Explain how to monitor children and young people’s development using different methods
3.3 Explain the reasons why children and young people’s development may not follow the expected pattern.
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2.1 The developmental areas; physical, social and emotional, language and intellect, that a child and young person must meet will be influenced by different personal factors.
It is possible that if a child or young person is exposed to a number of risks or vulnerable factors, they will experience delays in reaching some milestones in some or all of the developmental areas. For a child or young person to have the opportunity to reach all their milestones and develop to their full potential, they must have personal attributes which will enable this to happen such as good health, good behaviour and good genetic make up.
If a child or young person has a disability it could set them back in terms of meeting milestones or developing as others do. This could be due to genetics, for example if a child has Down’s Syndrome they may have an impairment of cognitive ability and physical growth so they will need extra support in daily activities. Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive non-contagious disability which is also developed at birth due to the brain. It would have a direct impact on language and physical development as the body has limited movement.
Health conditions such as asthma can set children back as it causes them to become physically restricted, and causes them to get breathless when taking part in physical activities like sports. They may have to use an inhaler and could make the child miss out on certain things. Sensory impairment such as speech impediment or stutter could affect a child’s ability to meet fluent speech milestones. Impaired eyesight will have an impact on a child’s development as they wont be able to take part in certain activities, such as running and team sports, this will affect their physical development and social skills. Hearing problems can cause children to miss out on doing things with their friends which could affect their emotional and social development.
If a child has learning difficulties, they may need extra help in school such as one to one support in class. This will have an impact on intellectual areas of development and also social and emotional development. If other members of their class reach educational milestones before them, it could lead to insecurities and cause the child to withdraw from their peers and isolate themselves.
In my setting, if a child or young person has a disability, learning or physical, they will be offered one to one support in the classroom to ensure they get the help needed, and so they don’t fall behind other members of their class. A person-centred approach is taken for each case so that every child’s individual needs are cared for. A seven year old boy who I work with has a learning disability and has the developmental age of four. He finds it hard to hold a conversation and so his peers find it hard to communicate with him. It is my job to ensure he gets the best help with his school work by offering him one on one support, but also to ensure he doesn't isolate himself in the playground. I encourage him to get involved when the class play sports, although is hand-eye coordination is not as good as others his age. I help him to understand the conversation when everyone is talking as his speech and language development is not as developed as his peers. The children in his class are too young to acknowledge that he is at a different developmental stage than them, and therefore it is hard for them to recognise his needs - this has a negative impact on his social skills.
2.2 Explain how children and young people’s development is influenced by a range of external factors:
A child or young person can be affected by a number of external factors.
A family environment is one of the most intense influences for a child’s brain development. How parents and other family members are around a child in the first few years of their life can affect how the child will grow up. For example, a child whose family does not directly speak to them and do not nurture a healthy attachment may become developmentally behind. They may be withdrawn and not have very good social skills. An infant who is shown affection from birth will learn more about love and relationships and be able to form closer bonds in the future.
Once a child reaches the age of three, they generally start to form friendships. These friendships will influence their social development and behaviour. Friendships can have a positive effect on children’s lives. It helps them develop social skills and children can learn from their peers. Friendships can also have a negative effect on children. If they get involved with the ‘wrong crowd’ they can be easily led into doing things which they should not do, for example children under the age of eighteen can be persuaded to try alcohol before they are the legal age. Socialising is very important for the development of children.
Things such as the television can influence a child’s development. If a child or young person watches violence on tv, it can cause them to become aggressive to other people. Children can hear bad words or see bad behaviours on the tv which they may not see or hear in real life. If a child watches up to two hours a day on tv it can be educational. There are channels and programmes targeted to different age groups which help them to learn. For example there is a baby tv channel which helps the young child to learn shapes, colours, numbers and the alphabet through songs and rhymes. The programmes on the channel are bright and colourful which attract their attention. If an child watches more than four hours of tv a day, it can cause them to become overweight as they will be sitting for too long doing nothing and children need exercise such as running around outside to be healthy. Watching too much tv can also stop a child from developing socially and cause them to isolate themselves from their peers.
Environmental and social conditions can also influence the development of children. If a child has a secure and nurturing environment to grow up in, it has obvious physical benefits, but there may be barriers to achieving this - for example poverty, unemployment, access and transport links, limited housing conditions. A lack of resources can result in an impoverished outlook which can be internally limiting. If a child lives in a house where there is domestic abuse happening they can suffer a negative impact of their emotional development. On the other hand, if a child comes from a loving home but the household income is low, they may experience peer pressure to have certain things such as clothes or toys which the family is unable to afford.
If a child is in care they may have less opportunity to have positive relationships with a key figure, i.e a parent. Children who go into different foster homes throughout their childhood may be more vulnerable and can have attachment problems.
In my setting there is a six year old girl who had been in different foster homes throughout her life and never settled in any. It had a negative affect on her development in school. She found it hard to trust adults and therefore misbehaved in class. She regularly fell out with her peers as she was unable to share. She got adopted recently and she has settled so well both at home and in school. Her teacher and new parents have had meetings to discuss her development and they have said that she now gets involved with other children in her class and trusts her teachers more. She enjoys school and enjoys going home to her new family afterwards. I think this is a good example of how this external factor influenced her life but she has managed to become more positive since settling in her new home.
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Development chart 0 - 19 Physical, emotional, communication, learning
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